Yingnan Zhao

Yingnan Zhao

Oct. 30, 2026

Urban subway, Passenger demand, Passenger satisfaction, Green travel incentive.

Based on the cross perspective of demand-satisfaction-incentive response, this paper constructs a structural equation model and discusses the interaction among them. Through the empirical analysis of 537 valid questionnaires in a big city, it is found that passenger demand is positively correlated with satisfaction (r=0.48), and satisfaction is positively correlated with green travel incentive response (r=0.52); Satisfaction plays a partial intermediary role between demand and incentive response, and the intermediary effect accounts for 64.2% of the total effect; Potential category analysis identified three types of passenger groups: efficiency priority, comfort concern and environmental experience, and their incentive responses were significantly different (F=68.94, p<0.001). The proportion of environmental experience participating in incentive activities (62.4%) was much higher than that of efficiency priority (18.4%). The results show that improving passenger satisfaction is the key path to activate green travel incentive response, and the design of differentiated incentive strategy should be based on the structural characteristics of passenger demand. This study provides theoretical reference and practical basis for optimizing subway service quality and enhancing green travel incentive effect.

© 2026, the Authors. Published by ISCCAC

This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC license